- ARC makes a list of items into a different hierarchical classification and measures how much learners cluster similar categories of items together

Adjusted Ratio of Clustering (ARC) Measure

- The traditional measure of clustering free recall has issues on consistency of recalled categories, numbers of items recalled, and the distribution of categories → cannot compare within and between subjects

- Thus, ARC is used to measure clustering recall

Claremont Graduate University

User's Experience Measurements

- 1) Adjusted Ratio of Clustering (ARC) Measure 
- 2) Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) 
- 3) Short-answer Test (unimportant/ important details)

Measurements Used for "Expecting to teach enhances learning..."

Learning Measurements

Roenker, D. L., Thompson, C. P., & Brown, S. C. (1971). Comparison of measures for the estimation of clustering in free recall. Psychological Bulletin, 76(1), 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031355

Reading on Adjusted Ratio of Clustering

- If participants are expected to teach on learning, but in reality, they did not teach, they would still retain more free recall and organized information than the participants who were not told to teach.

"Expecting to teach enhances learning..." (Nestojo et al. , 2014)

- LSA is a theory and method of using a contextual meaning of words from a large body of texts into mathematical, statistical computation (Colorado University Boulder, 2015; Landauer, 1998)

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