A cytokine storm is produced during the infection, inducing neuroinflammation which results in cellular apoptosis. The Culex species of mosquitoes are the vectors in this disease-transmission. 

Tulane University

Georgetown University

- Pathogenesis/Vector
- Presentation of Maternal Infection
- Diagnosis
- Fetal/Neonatal Abnormalities
- Vaccines

Japanese Encephalitis

Spread most often by mosquitos in tropical and sub-temperate climates of Asia, Japanese Encephalitis Virus typically affects children under age 15, but is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in children and adults in Asia.

Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV)

Nausheen, F., S. Bashir, S., &amp; N. Atapattu, D. (2018). Pregnancy associated arbovirus infections. Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.15761/cmid.1000138 

Pregnancy Associated Arbovirus Infections

IgM-ELISA and RT-PCR diagnostic tests are used to detect viral RNA

Diagnosing Japanese Encephalitis

Diagnosing Japanese encephalitis includes the use of IgM-ELISA tests and RT-PCR analyses for viral RNA. 

Clinical manifestations of Japanese Encephalitis in pregnant women include acute encephalitis. This involves symptoms such as headache, aseptic meningitis, febrile illness, vomiting and full body weakness. 

Maternal Japanese Encephalitis Infection Presentation

Fetal/Neonatal Abnormalities from Japanese Encephalitis

Live chimeric and inactivated vaccines are available

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