There are  five steps of the learning process:
- Concept formation.
- Subsumption.
- Progressive differentiation.
- Integrative reconciliation.
- Consolidation.

Ausubel’s (1968) assimilation theory (Using a Conceptual Approach with Concept Mapping to Promote Critical Thinking)

- Novak educational event (1998) → teaching and learning are a reciprocal relationship, whereby content must be taught and processed (by the student) beyond rote memorization. Included in his theory are five components: teacher, learner, knowledge, evaluation, and context. Novak stated that all five components must be present for learning.

Novak’s (1998)(Using a Conceptual Approach with Concept Mapping to Promote Critical Thinking)

Author proposes using Ausubel’s (1968) assimilation theory in conjunction with Novak’s (1998) concept map as a means to engage students in cognitive skills related to critical thinking.

Macalester College

This article focuses on the use of assimilation theory and concept maps to facilitate critical thinking experiences in nursing education. It is a Literature review only. 

Using a Conceptual Approach with Concept Mapping to Promote Critical Thinking

Jenny E. Vacek, SN, RN. (2009) Using a Conceptual Approach with Concept Mapping to Promote Critical Thinking. Educational Innovation. Journal of Nursing Education Vol. 48, No. 1. Published Online:January 01, 2009 https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20090101-11

What strategies are more efficient to teach critical thinking and problem solving skills to nursing students?

RQ (Using a Conceptual Approach with Concept Mapping to Promote Critical Thinking)

The use of a conceptual approach with a problem-focused concept map will enhance learning and promote the use of various critical thinking cognitive skills, such as analysis, interpretation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation.


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