Hoste, L., Van Paemel, R., & Haerynck, F. (2021). Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to COVID-19: a systematic review. European journal of pediatrics, 180(7), 2019–2034. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-021-03993-5

Tulane University

MIS-C "is a condition where different body parts can become inflamed, including the heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, skin, eyes, or gastrointestinal organs. This rampant inflammation has been recorded in multiple organ systems; yet, clinical research into the pathogenesis of the disease is insufficient. However, we know that many children with MIS-C were exposed or infected with SARS-CoV-2. Currently, the lack of a universal case definition of MIS-C has limited the number of cases that are accurately diagnosed and hampered with proper treatment of the disease. Further research into the clinical, epidemiological and immunological nature of MIS-C is desperately needed. MIS-C can be serious, even deadly, but most children who were diagnosed with this condition have gotten better with medical care."

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19

- Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA)
- The New England Journal of Medicine

References for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 by Journal/Source

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 Organized by Country

Clinical spectrum of COVID-19 and COVID-19-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)


This systematic review of 953 MIS-C cases compiles data regarding epidemiological risk factors of disease and common clinical manifestations. After analyzing the case studies, the authors argued for the WHO case definition of MIS-C as it best represented the longitudinal research. 


Systematic Review of 953 MIS-C Cases 

A majority of MIS-C patients were male and part of recognized socioeconomic minorities (Black, Hispanic/Latino). Co-morbidities are largely unknown among fatal cases and underlying health/genetic conditions, prior infections or immunizations have not been studied in MIS-C patients. Extensive research into patients’ backgrounds, including the deceased, must be reviewed and shared with clinicians. 

Comorbidies/Social Determinants of Health Present in MIS-C Patients

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, common symptoms of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) include:

- Fever
- Abdominal pain
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Rash
- Bloodshot eyes
- Feeling extra tired
- Neurological symptoms in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Learn Before

Related