**The strategies used by each participant were related to the individual's job pressures. Task management strategies are not a one-size-fits-all approach!**

- Task Vistas
- Informal Priority Lists
- State Tracking Resources
- Time Management
- Value Extension

Task Management Strategies (What a To-Do: Studies of Task Management Towards the Design of a Personal Task List Manager)

- The Network Effect
- Working Away from the Desk
- Rhythms & Routines

Key Phenomena (What a To-Do: Studies of Task Management Towards the Design of a Personal Task List Manager)

- Task Management Strategies
- Key Phenomena

Wake Forest University

- Designed to build upon questions unanswered by first study to aid the development of a TLM
- What causes people to prioritize certain tasks? How could a TLM capture this?
- What help do individuals need with prioritization?
- Which task management resources are geared towards different tasks?

Long Term Study (What a To-Do: Studies of Task Management Towards the Design of a Personal Task List Manager)

Bellotti, V., Dalal, B., Good, N., Flynn, P., Bobrow, D. G., & Ducheneaut, N. (2004). What a to-do: Studies of task management towards the design of a personal task list manager. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 735–742. https://doi.org/10.1145/985692.985785

What a To-Do: Studies of Task Management Towards the Design of a Personal Task List Manager 

- 7 participants (less than previous study because of greater time commitment). Chosen for their rigorous work routines and strong multitasking skills (lots of higher-level managers)
- 2-hour background information interview
- For 4 weeks, 1-hour weekly interviews to discuss to-dos for the week & rate task importance. Each week, the completion of previous week's tasks was followed up on
- 1 day of shadowing
- 1-hour final follow up interview

Study 2 Method (What a To-Do: Studies of Task Management Towards the Design of a Personal Task List Manager)

- 287 to-dos obtained from participants (68% completed in 1 week, 81% handled by final interview)
- 63% of tasks completed between 10 minutes and 4 hours
- Participants did NOT accurately predict amount of time task would take (only 25% of predictions matched amount of time actually used). Almost evenly split between over- and under- estimating amount of time needed
- 16% of tasks not completed by final interview had strong justification (Ex: didn't need to be done for several months)
- Participants found to prioritize tasks well: only 3% of tasks went uncompleted without a good reason

Study 2 Quantitative Findings (What a To-Do: Studies of Task Management Towards the Design of a Personal Task List Manager)

- Allow users to view full task vistas while allowing different planning/organizational options
- In lists, higher-priority tasks should be made more visible
- Include time constraints the user has (but should NOT expect the user to accurately predict amount of time needed for tasks)
- Capture task histories
- Include social relationships in tasks (possibly by using email response time to determine "importance" of the relationship)
- TLMs must do more than just remind user to enter tasks (Ex: task location, launching related materials, time management resources)

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