In Vietnam, a study was conducted to measure stigma using the Perceived Stigma Scale, which focuses on disabled people. The scale consisted of two questions, and if respondents chose "a little" or more for both questions, they were considered to have experienced perceived stigma. This scale was used in conjunction with three other scales to assess the relationship between perceived stigma, mental well-being, and disabled people's social participation.

1. In the past 12 months, how much embarrassment did you experience because of your disability?
2. In the past 12 months, how much discrimination or unfair treatment did you experience because of your disability?